Medication Side-Effect Guides

When your antidepressant has costs

Patient-language guides to common side effects of SSRIs, SNRIs, and other antidepressants. Why they happen, the timeline you can expect, management options to discuss with your prescriber, and where mechanism-switch options like ketamine fit when staying on the same class no longer makes sense.

Side-effect guide

SSRI Brain Zaps (Discontinuation Syndrome)

Brief electrical-shock sensations in the head, often with dizziness and visual disturbances, that appear when SSRI doses are missed or the medication is tapered too quickly.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Sexual Dysfunction

Reduced libido, delayed or absent orgasm, erectile dysfunction, and genital numbness from SSRI antidepressants — the most common reason patients ask to switch medications.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Weight Gain

Progressive weight gain on SSRI antidepressants — typically 5-15 lbs over the first year, sometimes much more, often distinct from any change in eating or exercise.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Antidepressant Insomnia

Difficulty falling asleep, frequent night-time waking, or non-restorative sleep caused by activating antidepressants — common with SSRIs, SNRIs, and Wellbutrin.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Emotional Blunting

The flattening of emotional range on SSRIs — reduced ability to feel pleasure, sadness, love, or anger fully. Affects 40-60% of long-term SSRI users.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Fatigue and Drowsiness

Persistent tiredness, daytime drowsiness, and reduced energy from SSRIs — common but often confused with depression's low energy.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Discontinuation Syndrome

The full withdrawal cluster from stopping or rapidly tapering SSRIs/SNRIs — flu-like symptoms, mood swings, GI upset, balance problems, and sensory disturbances that affect up to 56% of patients coming off antidepressants.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Jaw Clenching and Bruxism

Involuntary jaw clenching and teeth grinding during the day or in sleep — a common but under-recognized SSRI side effect that damages teeth and produces TMJ pain over months.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI and SNRI Nightmares

Vivid, disturbing, or violent dreams that appear after starting or adjusting SSRIs/SNRIs — common, distressing, and often unmentioned by prescribers.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Excessive Yawning

Uncontrollable, repeated yawning unrelated to tiredness — a well-documented but rarely-discussed SSRI side effect that affects daily function and social comfort.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

SSRI Night Sweats

Drenching night-time sweating on SSRIs and SNRIs in the absence of fever or other medical cause — a frequent but under-recognized side effect that disrupts sleep and quality of life.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Effexor Brain Zaps and Withdrawal

Effexor (venlafaxine) produces the most pronounced brain zaps and discontinuation syndrome of any SNRI because of its very short half-life — a missed dose can produce symptoms within hours.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Cymbalta Withdrawal Syndrome

Cymbalta (duloxetine) discontinuation produces a severe, FDA-acknowledged withdrawal syndrome — brain zaps, sweating, GI upset, and prolonged "Cymbalta discontinuation" experience documented across thousands of patient reports.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Benzodiazepine Rebound Anxiety

The paradoxical increase in anxiety between benzodiazepine doses, during tolerance development, or during withdrawal — often worse than the original anxiety the medication was prescribed to treat.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Benzodiazepine Cognitive Impairment

Memory problems, slowed processing speed, and "brain fog" produced by chronic benzodiazepine use — often subtle, often underappreciated, often reversible with discontinuation.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Klonopin Memory Problems

Klonopin (clonazepam) is particularly hard on memory — its long half-life means accumulating exposure, and the cognitive effects often appear gradually over months.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Trazodone Priapism

Trazodone can cause priapism — prolonged, painful, unwanted erection lasting more than 4 hours that is a urological emergency requiring immediate medical care.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Mirtazapine (Remeron) Weight Gain

Mirtazapine produces substantial weight gain in most patients — often 10-30 pounds in the first year — driven by its histamine-1 antagonism and downstream metabolic effects.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

Adderall Comedown and Rebound

The late-afternoon and evening crash that follows Adderall (and other stimulants) wearing off — fatigue, irritability, mood drop, and rebound ADHD symptoms that complicate ADHD treatment for many patients.

Read the guide
Side-effect guide

GLP-1 Mood Changes

Patient reports of mood changes — sadness, anxiety, anhedonia, suicidal ideation — on GLP-1 medications (Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, Zepbound) are real and worth taking seriously, even though the FDA's January 2026 review of 91 trials found no causal link at the population level.

Read the guide

Important: Don’t stop or adjust antidepressants on your own. Even mild side effects deserve a clinical conversation, and dose changes need to be coordinated with your prescriber to avoid discontinuation syndrome or depression breakthrough.

These pages describe what side effects are, why they happen, and what options exist — they are not medical advice and don’t replace your prescriber.